P-delta

[mch_basim]

Hi,
I am trying to create a model of steel frame with concentrated hinges like the example http://opensees.berkeley.edu/wiki/index ... es_and_RBS
by Laura Eads.
I want to know why she has used a leaning column to simulate P-Delta effects. a p-delta geomTransf or a Corotational one will not do?
please let me know which method is more realistic.
I read in wiki Corotational does not consider element loads, I have element loads.

thanks

[fmk]

if you have element loads you cannot use Corotational transofmration with those elements!

the PDelta leaning column is added to take into account the gravity loads on the gravity columns in the rest of the building (you don't want to add those axial forces to the nodes and hence elements in the lateral system)

[mch_basim]

Thanks a lot for your informative answer dear fmk.