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This is used in "Get going with Opensees" document before "analyze 10". I can't find the explanation of this command. How does it work and why do we need it? Can I find more information about it abywhere?

http://opensees.berkeley.edu/OpenSees/m ... index.html.

I can't see many figures in the manual, e.g. Fig2 on pg. 115, Fig4 on pg. 117. I tried Adobe versions from v5 to v8. None worked. How can I read these figures?[/quote]

I remember in thin wall theory, where the warpping effects are significant, only when axial load is at the shear center (not gravity centroid), will no lateral movement be induced. Actually any sections other than think wall section will have such attribution, but in a much small scale. So I guess i...